Halophytes.tn

Suaeda fruticosa

Kingdom : Plantae / النّباتات

Division : Spermaphyta / البذريات

Clade : Magnoliophyta or Angiospermae / مستورات البذور

Class : Eudicotyledoneae / ذات الفلقتين

Order : Caryophyllales / رتبة القرنفليات

Family : Amaranthaceae [Chenopodiaceae] /فصيلة السّرمقيات أوالرّمراميّة أو القطيفيّة

Genus : Suaeda

species : fruticosa

Chromosomes: 2n=30

Photos: Merchaoui Henda © DR

Protologue

Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 2: 503 (1791)

Synonyms

var. brevifolia Moq., Chen. Enum. 122 (1840).
var. longifolia (Koch) Fenzl in Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 3: 778 (1851).
Suaeda longifolia Koch, Linnaea 22: 188 (1849).
Suaeda fruticosa subsp. longifolia (Koch) O. Bolòs & Vigo, Bull. Cat. Hist. Nat. 38: 89 (1974).

Common names

Tunisia Arabic English French Tamazight

حبّة السودة
Shrubby
Alkali seepweed
Shrubby sea-blite
Soude ligneuse
Soude vraie

Tunisia	Arabic	English	French	Tamazight
حبّة السودة		Shrubby Alkali seepweed Shrubby sea-blite	Soude ligneuse Soude vraie

Toxic

no

Edible

no

Latex

no

Botanic description

Genus description
"Hermaphroditic bracts solitarious or glomerular, in long leafy spikes. Stamens 5. lanceolate Stigmas 3. Accrescent perigone, fleshy or dry, enclosing compressed, membranous fruit. Seed horizontal or vertical.
Species description
"Very shrub branching, forming a bush up to 1 m tall.

Stems very rowers, forming a bush.

Leaves cylindrical not exceeding 0.8 cm in length, glaucous, blackening on drying.

Flowers usually by 3, rarely solitary in the axilla of each leaf, do not no definite inflorescence.

Seeds usually vertical.


Stems	very rowers, forming a bush.
Leaves	cylindrical not exceeding 0.8 cm in length, glaucous, blackening on drying.
Flowers	usually by 3, rarely solitary in the axilla of each leaf, do not no definite inflorescence.
Seeds	usually vertical.

Botanic References

Pottier-Alapetite G. (1981). Flore de la Tunisie Angiospermes –Dicotylédones (Apétales- Dialypétale , Première partie). Imprimerie Officielle de la République Tunisienne (Eds), 61p.
Edouard LE FLOC’H, Loutfy BOULOS et Errol VELA. (2010). Catalogue synonymique commenté de la FLORE DE TUNISIE. République Tunisienne, Ministère de l’Environnement et du développement durable, Banque Nationale de Gènes. 500 p
www.theplantlist.org

Biology

Life form perennial

Type form Nanophanerophyte

Photosynthesis C4


Life form	perennial
Type form	Nanophanerophyte
Photosynthesis	C4

Phenology

Blooming
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Fruiting
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Map Localization

Ecology

Adaptation It grows around salty depressions (sebkhas).

Salt bladder yes

Invasive no


Adaptation	It grows around salty depressions (sebkhas).
Salt bladder	yes
Invasive	no

Geographical distribution

Localization Biocimatic stage Annuel pluviometry (mm) GPS

Monastir (Kheniss, Nov.2015) Inferior semi-arid 331 35°43'47.29"N / 10°49'10.64"E
Monastir (Akba, Déc.2013) Inferior semi-arid 331 35°45'0.57"N / 10°49'39.86"E
Monastir (Sahline, Déc.2013) Inferior semi-arid 331 35°46'15.99"N / 10°42'32.44"E
Monastir (Ghedamssi Nov. 2014) Inferior semi-arid 331 35°46'58.13"N / 10°49'59.41"E
Cap Bon (Soliman Fév. 2016) Superior semi-arid 444 36°43'29.41"N / 10°28'15.12"E

Localization	Biocimatic stage	Annuel pluviometry (mm)	GPS
Monastir (Kheniss, Nov.2015)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°43'47.29"N / 10°49'10.64"E
Monastir (Akba, Déc.2013)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°45'0.57"N / 10°49'39.86"E
Monastir (Sahline, Déc.2013)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°46'15.99"N / 10°42'32.44"E
Monastir (Ghedamssi Nov. 2014)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°46'58.13"N / 10°49'59.41"E
Cap Bon (Soliman Fév. 2016)	Superior semi-arid	444	36°43'29.41"N / 10°28'15.12"E

General uses

Formerly, it was used to make soda. The ashes obtained after combustion of the plant were combined with lime, thus obtaining "caustic soda". This soda was then used in the manufacture of soap in particular. In Djerid, it is used to die wool in black.

Medicinal uses

"The seeds are tonicardiac, anti-infectious and healing propreties. In addition, the decoction of this species contains bioactive substances with hypoglycemic and hypocholesteric properties.

NOTE : This website is not that of herbal medicine and assumes no responsibility for the negative effects of the use of plants. Seek advice from a professional before using a medicinal plant.

Systems / Organs / Effects

Digestive System

Circulatory System
Antiseptic
Hypolipedemic

Hypoglycemic
Skin

Dispersion mode

Germination

Duration

Image

Description of the seeds

Form

External structure

Ornamentation

Type of seed

Average length of 10 seeds ± (mm)

Average width of 10 seeds ± (mm)

Average thickness of 10 seeds ± (mm)

Average mass of 100 seeds 0.6 (g)

Form
External structure
Ornamentation
Type of seed
Average length of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average width of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average thickness of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average mass of 100 seeds	0.6 (g)

Test results

TPC DPPH ABTS⁺ FRAP Year

mg GAE g^-1 MS CI₅₀ g ml^-1 CI₅₀ g ml^-1 CE₅₀ g ml^-1

17,48± 0,78 166,75± 3,57 295,11± 3,78 752,04± 75,83 2016

Total Phenols content(TPC), Anti-radical potentialities against (DPPH, ABTS), Ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)

TPC	DPPH	ABTS⁺	FRAP	Year
17,48± 0,78	166,75± 3,57	295,11± 3,78	752,04± 75,83	2016

Molecules : ADN / Proteins

Chromosomes : 30 Uniprot NCBI

Chemical composition

Name

Phenolic compounds Polyphenols
Flavonoïdes
Simple Phenols
Tannins link

Other compouds Alkaloides

Glucides Polysaccharides

	Name
Phenolic compounds	Polyphenols Flavonoïdes Simple Phenols Tannins link
Other compouds	Alkaloides
Glucides	Polysaccharides

Tunisian references

Boukef M.K. (1986). Les plantes dans la médecine traditionnelle tunisienne. Médecine traditionnelle et pharmacopée. Librairie Larose (Eds), paris, 350p.
Chaieb M et Boukhris M. (1998). Flore succincte et illustrée des zones arides et sahariennes de Tunisie. Association pour la protection de la nature et de l’environnement, Sfax. 193 p.
Mzoughi Z., Abdelhamid A., Rihouey C., Le Cerf D., Bouraoui A., Majdouba H. (2018). Optimized extraction of pectin-like polysaccharide from Suaeda fruticosa leaves: Characterization, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Carbohydrate Polymers 185: 127–137
Oueslati S, Trabelsi N, Boulaabaa M, Legault J, Abdellya C, Ksouri R.(2012). Evaluation of antioxidant activities of the edible and medicinal Suaeda species and related phenolic compounds Industrial Crops and Products 36. 513– 518 savoirs populaires. IBIS Press. 764 p
Oueslati S, Ksouri R, Falleh H, Pichette A, Abdelly C, Legault J. (2012). Phenolic content, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of the edible halophyte Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. Food Chem. 132: 943-994

Other references

Bennani-Kabchi N, El Bouayadi F, Kehel L, Fdhil H, Marquie G. (1999). Effect of Suaeda fruticosa aqueous extract in the hypercholesterolaemic and insulin-resistant sand rat. Therapie (England), 54, 725–730.
Benwahhoud M., Jouad H., Eddouks M., Lyoussi B. (2001). Hypoglycemic effect of Suaeda fruticosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 76: 35-38.
El-Hagrasi A.M.A., El-Desouky S.K., El Ansari M.A., Rabie AM.( 2005). Investigation of lipid constituents of pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima L., aerial parts of Suaeda pruinosa Forssk. and antimicrobial activity of their methanolic extracts. Bull. NRC Egypt. 30, 133–140.
Gulzar, S., Khan, A. (1998). Diurnal water relations of inland and coastal halophytic populations from Pakistan. J Arid Envir, 40, 295–305.
Ravikumar S, Gnanadesigan M, Inbaneson SJ, Kalaiarasi A. (2011). Hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of Suaeda maritima (L.) dumort ethanolic extract on concanavalin-A induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 49(6):455-60.
Shahi, M., Saaghari, M, Zandi Esfahan, E., Jaimand K. (2013). Investigation on potential of Suaeda fruticosa as a source of edible oil. J. Bio. & Env. Sci.2013; Vol. 3, No. 12, p. 101-107.