Biology

Life form	perennial
Type form	Hemicryptophyte
Photosynthesis	C3

Phenology

Blooming

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Fruiting

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Map Localization

Ecology

Adaptation
Salt bladder	yes
Invasive	no

Geographical distribution

Localization	Biocimatic stage	Annuel pluviometry (mm)	GPS
Monastir (Skanès, Juillet 2015 ,2016) ( Sidi Ghedamssi Nov. 2014, Fév. 2016) (Route Kheniss Nov 2015)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°46'42.65"N / 10°47'36.62"E 35°46'43.72"N / 10°47'32.62"E 35°46'59.31"N / 10°49'58.81"E 35°47'6.58"N / 10°50'2.44"E 35°43'47.57"N / 10°49'10.84"E

General uses

It is an edible species in some parts of Italy. It is used as an ingredient in salads: young leaves are eaten as condiments.

Medicinal uses

"The Inula has properties that are heart regulator, anti-inflammatory and analgesic and has very interesting antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. Indeed, the Chinese used it for its healing power and its coagulating effect in order to heal the bites of snakes. Inula is best -known for its roots which have medicinal properties but also in the cosmetic field and in human nutrition.

NOTE : This website is not that of herbal medicine and assumes no responsibility for the negative effects of the use of plants. Seek advice from a professional before using a medicinal plant.

Systems / Organs / Effects

Digestive System

Circulatory System

Analgesic

Antiinflammatory

Dispersion mode

• Anemochory (wind)

Germination

• hypogenous

Duration

• 5 to 8 days

Image

Description of the seeds

Form
External structure
Ornamentation
Type of seed
Average length of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average width of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average thickness of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average mass of 100 seeds	(g)

Test results

TPC	DPPH	ABTS+	FRAP	Year
mg GAE g-1 MS	CI50 g ml-1	CI50 g ml-1	CE50 g ml-1
36,25± 0,63	24,96± 0,22	45,81± 0,33	313,35± 12,18	2016

Total Phenols content(TPC), Anti-radical potentialities against (DPPH, ABTS), Ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)

Molecules : ADN / Proteins

Chromosomes : 18	Uniprot	NCBI

Chemical composition

	Name
Terpene	Diterpenes (C20H32)  Sesquiterpenes (C15H24) Monoterpenes  (C10H16)
Phenolic acids	Chlorogenic acid link Dicaffeoylquinic acid link
Phenolic compounds	Polyphenols Quercetine link
Other compounds	Terpenic ester

Tunisian references

Jallali, I., Zaouali, Y., Missaoui, I., Smaoui, A., Abdelly, C., Ksouri, R. (2014). Variability of antioxidant and antibacterial effects of essential oils and acetonic extracts of two edible halophytes: Crithmum maritimum L. and Inula crithmoïdes L. Food Chemistry 145, 1031–1038.

Omezzine F, Daami-Remadi M, Rinez A, Ladhari A and Haouala R. In vitro assessment of Inula spp. organic extracts for their antifungal activity against some pathogenic and antagonistic fungi. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2011 Vol. 5(21), pp. 3527-3531.

Other references

Assi M, Aboul-Ela MA, El-lakany AM, Abdul-Ghani MA. (2014). Comparative phytochemical and antimicrobial analysis of Inula viscosa and Inula crithmoides grown in Lebanon. Academia Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2(4): 057-067.

Bucchinia A, Riccib D, Messinac F, Marcotullioc MC, Massimo Curinic & Giamperia L (2014) . Antioxidant and antifungal activity of different extracts obtained from aerial parts of Inula crithmoides L. Natural Product Research, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1080/14786419.2014.983102

Malash B.N, Ibrahim, S.M., Ibrahim A.R.S., Kabbash A.,El-Aasr, M.(2015). In vitro and In vivo Hepatoprotective Study of Inula crithmoides L.,Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) Desf. And Phyllanthus reticulates Poir. J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 7(11), 2015, 987-993

Mosaad A, Abdel-Wahhab S, Abdel-Azim H, Aziza A El-N (2008). Inula crithmoides extract protects against ochratoxin A-induced oxidative stress, clastogenic and mutagenic alterations in male rats. Toxicon, 52: 566-573.