Biology

Life form	Annuel
Type form	Thérophyte
Photosynthesis	C4

Phenology

Blooming

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Fruiting

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Map Localization

Ecology

Adaptation	Sandy maritime.
Salt bladder	no
Invasive	no

Geographical distribution

Localization	Biocimatic stage	Annuel pluviometry (mm)	GPS
Monastir (Skanès, Palais Oct.2014; Skanès Août 2015)	Inferior semi-arid	331	35°46'45.61"N / 10°47'17.68"E 35°46'43.02"N / 10°47'36.28"E

General uses

The plant is used to make soda: The ashes obtained after combustion of the plant were combined with lime, one thus obtained caustic soda. This soda was then used in the manufacture of soap in particular. It is consumed freshly harvested, it is quite firm and crunchy with a pleasantly acidic flavor, such as spinach and chard. Often described as "the taste of spring". Salsola soda has been studied as a desalinizing companion plant (soil bioremediation) for tomato and pepper crops when grown in saline soils. Salsola extracts enough sodium from the soil to enhance the growth of the crop and a better crop yield results despite competition from both plants for the rest of the soil minerals.  The plant is most often cooked and eaten as a leafy vegetable, the recommendation is to cook it in boiling water until the leaves soften while remaining crisp (a bit like salicornia).  In Italy, it is eaten antipasti, cooled, with olive oil, garlic and lemon. It can also be consumed raw.

Medicinal uses

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NOTE : This website is not that of herbal medicine and assumes no responsibility for the negative effects of the use of plants. Seek advice from a professional before using a medicinal plant.

Systems / Organs / Effects

Dispersion mode

• Barochore (gravity)

Germination

• weak germi

Duration

• 7 to 10 days

Image

Description of the seeds

Form
External structure
Ornamentation
Type of seed
Average length of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average width of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average thickness of 10 seeds	± (mm)
Average mass of 100 seeds	(g)

Test results

TPC	DPPH	ABTS+	FRAP	Year
mg GAE g-1 MS	CI50 g ml-1	CI50 g ml-1	CE50 g ml-1
14,67± 0,36	12,74± 0,44	8,79± 0,16	207,29± 1,85	2016

Total Phenols content(TPC), Anti-radical potentialities against (DPPH, ABTS), Ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)

Molecules : ADN / Proteins

Chromosomes : 18	Uniprot	NCBI

Chemical composition

	Name
Phenolic compounds	Polyphenols

Tunisian references

Other references

Colla G, Rouphael Y, Fallovo C, Cardarelli M.(2006). Use of Salsola soda as a companion plant to improve green house pepper (Capsicum annuum) performance under saline conditions New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, Vol. 34: 283-290

Dubravka M Mili , Jadranka Ž Lukovi , Lana N Zori , Ljiljana S Merkulov. (2013). Structural adaptation of salsola soda L. (Chenopodiaceae) from inland and maritime saline area Jour. Nat. Sci, Matica Srpska Novi Sad, 125, 55—67.

Ghaffari SM, Balaei Z, Chatrenoor T and Akhani H.(2015). Cytology of SW Asian Chenopodiaceae: new data from Iran and a review of previous records and correlations with life forms and C4 photosynthesis. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301, 2, 501-521.

Grigore M-N, Toma C. (2010). Salt-secreting structures of Halophytes. An integrative approach (in Romanian). Link: https://archive.org/details/SALTSECRETINGSTRUCTURESOFHALOPHYTES

Koce JD, Skondric S, Bacic T and Dermastia M. (2008). Amounts of nuclear DNA in marine halophytes.Aquatic Botany. 89, 4, 385-389.

Mosqueda EG.(2015). Evaluation of adaptability, yield, and boron tolerance of Agretti (Salsola soda L.) grown on poor quality soils of the San Joaquin Valley in Central California California State University, Fresno.

Pyankov VI, Ziegler H, Akhani H, Deigele C, Luttge U. (2010). European plants with C4 photosynthesis: geographical and taxonomic distribution and relations to climate parameters. BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY. 163, 3, 283 -304.

Sonjak S, Udovic T, Wraber M Likar and M. Regvar. (2009). Diversity of halophytes and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonising their roots in an abandoned and sustained part of Secovlje salterns. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 41, 9, 1847-1856.

Zohary M. (1966) Flora Palaestina I. Equisetaceae to Moringaceae.